MCQs on autonomic nervous system, blood, respiration and nerve physiology with their answers by Dr Khaled A Abulfadle
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موضوع: MCQs on autonomic nervous system, blood, respiration and nerve physiology with their answers by Dr Khaled A Abulfadle الثلاثاء نوفمبر 29, 2011 11:06 am
1-Total body water represents about ……..of body weight in normal adult male weighing 70 kg. a-10%. b-50%. c-30%. d-40%. e-60%.
2- Dehydration is manifested by all of the following except…… a-Dry tongue. b-Loss of skin elasticity. c-Soft eyeballs . d-increase Blood pressure. e-incease Hematocrit value.
5-Cell membrane is not characterized by…………………… a-it surrounds cell. b-it is 10 nanometer thick. c-it is solid. d-it separates cell’s internal structures from extracellular environment. e-it is selectively permeable.
6- Sodium-Potassium pump is a type of……………. a-simple diffusion. b-osmosis. c-facilitated diffusion. d-primary active transport. e-secondary active transport.
8-Neurotransmitters are released from the…………………………. a-dendrite. b-axon terminal. c-hillock. d-cell body. e-myelin sheath.
9-All preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are………………… a- adrenergic. b- cholinergic. c- myelinated. d- unmyelinated. e- both b and c.
10-The membranes of all postganglionic neurons in autonomic ganglia and the membranes of skeletal muscle cells have………………… a- adrenergic receptors. b- serotonergic receptors. c- muscarinic receptors. d- nicotinic receptors. e- dopaminergic receptors.
11- Which of these functions is NOT affected by parasympathetic stimulation? a- secretion of sweat. b- secretion of digestive glands. c- secretion of tears. d- secretion of thin, watery, saliva. e- secretion of insulin from the pancreas.
12- Choline ester most susceptible to hydrolysis by cholinesterase is……………….. a- carbachol. b- methacholine (Provocholine). c- acetylcholine. d- pilocarpine (Pilocar). e- eserine.
13- The specific antidote for treatment of organophosphorus poisoning is……………. a- carbachol. b- methacholine (Provocholine). c- atropine. d- pilocarpine (Pilocar). e- eserine.
15- An acid…………………………… a- has a pH below 7. b- that completely dissociates in solution is a strong acid. c- releases hydrogen ions into a solution. d- is a compound such as H2CO3. e-all of the above.
16- Which of these is NOT one of the major buffer systems in the body? a- lactic acid buffer system. b- carbonic acid/ bicarbonate buffer system. c- phosphate buffer system. d- hemoglobin buffer system. e- plasma protein buffer system.
17- Chemical buffers……………… a- bind to excess H+ ions that are added to a solution. b- prevent large changes in body fluid pH. c- may involve weak acids. d- release H+ ions when H+ ion concentration in a solution falls. e- all of the above.
18- Nephrons directly regulate acid-base balance by……………….. a- combining H+ ions with Cl- ions. b- forming carbon dioxide. c- secreting H+ ions into the filtrate. d- producing carbonic anhydrase. e- producing protein buffers.
19- Decreased elimination of CO2 from the body causes PH to ……………and can result in ……………………. a- decrease, acidosis. b- decrease, alkalosis. c- increase, acidosis. d- increase, alkalosis. e- none of the above.
20- Alkalosis……………. a- occurs when the PH of the body fluids is less than 7.35. b- can be caused by hyperventilation. c- can occur as a result of anaerobic respiration. d- can result from production of urine that has a high PH. e- all of the above.
21- Autonomic nervous system………………… a-controls voluntary body functions. b-is a double efferent neuron system. c-contains only one system called sympathetic. d-its chemical transmitter is only Ach. e-is only excitatory.
22- Postganglionic nerve fiber ……………………… a-arises from LHCs of spinal cord. b-releases only Ach. c-is greyish in color. d-is myelinated. e-is only excitatory.
23-The following cranial nerve gives origin to parasympathetic nervous system…….. a-I. b-III. c-V. d-IV. e-VI.
24- Celiac ganglion…………… a-is a parasympathetic ganglion. b-is a paravertebral ganglion. c-its chemical transmitter is NE. d-is a collateral ganglion. e-is present inside spinal cord.
25- Resting membrane potential…………. a-normally is around +70 mV in medium sized nerves. b- is the potential difference between two points outside cell membrane. c-occurs secondary to equal distribution of ions around the cell membrane. d-cannot be recorded. e-Na+/K+ pump has a role in its maintenance.
26- Leakage ionic channels are NOT…………. a- watery pathways through protein molecule. b- tube shaped with diameter of 7Angestrom. c- gated. d- highly selective. e- opened all time.
27- Na+ / K+ pump……………………… a-a type of 2ry active transport. b-electrogenic. c-needs ADPase. d-2 Na+ gets out and 3 K +gets in. e- initiates RMP by -86 mV.
28- Depolarization in a single nerve fiber is caused by…………….. a-Na+ influx. b-Cl- efflux. c-K+ influx. d-Ca++ efflux. e-Na+/K+ pump.
29- Action potential of a single nerve fiber is not characterized by………… a- needs threshold stimulus. b- can be summated. c- obeys all or none law. d- propagated. e- not garaded.
30- Perfusion is most accurately defined as: a. the removal of adequate amounts of carbon dioxide during exhalation. b. the intake of adequate amounts of oxygen during the inhalation phase. c. circulation of blood within an organ with sufficient amounts of oxygen. d. the production of carbon dioxide, which accumulates at the cellular level. e. c and d.
31- A major stimulus for the release of antidiuretic hormone is…………………….. a. stimulation of the baroreceptors. b. an increase in potassium levels in the ICF. c. an increase in ECF water concentration. d. reduced blood volume. e. inhibition of the osmoreceptors.
32- Atrial natriuretic peptide …………………… a. decreases ADH. b. decreases aldosterone. c. is released by the heart. d. reduces thirst. e. all of the above.
33- The renin -angiotensin pathway is largely responsible for………………… a. decreasing blood pressure in conjunction with ANP. b. increasing blood pressure in conjunction with aldosterone. c. passing kidney stones. d. inhibiting the production of ADH. e. inhibiting thirst sensation.
34- Renin is released in response to stimulation of ………………adrenoreceptors. a-Alpha 1 b-Alpha 2 c-Beta 1 d-Beta 2 e-Beta 3
35- …………………….is an anorexygenic drug. a-prazocine b-phentolamine c-amphetamine d-ephedrine e-inderal
36-…………………..is a nonspecific beta blocker. a-prazocine b-phentolamine c-amphetamine d-ephedrine e-inderal
37-……………………is a specific alpha 1 blocker. a-prazocine b-phentolamine c-amphetamine d-ephedrine e-inderal
38-……………………is a nonspecific alpha blocker. a-prazocine b-phentolamine c-amphetamine d-ephedrine e-inderal.
39- All of the following are examples of positive feedback mechanisms except……. a- Stomach’s digestion of protein. b- Excitation of membranes. c- Blood clotting. d-Normal control of blood pressure. e- Labor.
40- Otic ganglion is the relay station for …………….. a-occulomotor nerve. b-glossopharyneal nerve. c- trigeminal nerve. d-vagus nerve. e-facial nerve.
41- Paraympathetic NS causes………… a-increase in heart rate. b-increase in respiratory rate. c-increase in ventricular contractility. d-increase in GIT secretion. e-increase in sweat secretion.
42- Which of the following provides protection against bacteria? a. melanin in the epidermis of the skin. b. nerve endings in the skin. c. unbroken skin. d. vitamin D produced by the skin. e. sweat secretion.
43- Skin is one of the excretory routes of ……………. a. glucose. b. urea. c. fructose. d. cholesterol. e. all of the above.
44- The part of the brain that is responsible for temperature regulation is ……… a-cerebral cortex. b-cerebellum. c-thalamus. d-hypothalamus. e-hippocampus.
45- A major means for conserving heat is…………… a- increased convective loss. b- vasodilation of cutaneous blood vessels. c- increased metabolic rate. d- enhanced sweating. e- vasoconstriction of cutaneous blood vessels.
46- The following is not true about sympathetic nervous system: a-It prepares the body to face stress. b-It is the system of fear, fight and flight. c-It is active during exercise. d-It is an anabolic system. e-It maintains normal digestive tract contractions and secretions.
47-Sympathetic supply to the eye causes……. a-miosis. b-narrowing of palpebral fissure. c-accommodation for far vision. d-lacrimation. e-enophthalmos.
48- Sympathetic supply to abdominal organs causes…………… a-evacuation of gallbladder. b-release of renin from JG cells of kidney. c-increase intestinal motility. d-storage of blood in spleen. e-glycogenesis in liver.
49- Sympathetic nervous system supplies all of the following except……. a-sweat glands. b-ventricles of the heart. c-constrictor pupillae muscle. d-skeletal muscles blood vessels. e-spleen.
الثلاثاء نوفمبر 29, 2011 11:06 am
